Month: October 2022

A number of years back, when we founded Clockwise as its own small winery, we had an exciting vision. We wanted to take the balanced, complex, and layered style that Steve MacRostie pioneered with our Sonoma Coast and Russian River Valley Chardonnays and Pinot Noirs, and apply it to other regions and grape varieties. The goal was to give our acclaimed Winemaker Heidi Bridenhagen a new playground, where she had the freedom and creativity to explore making any wine she wished.

We chose the name Clockwise because it represents so many of the winemaking elements that are important to us, including time, wisdom, and knowledge. To further emphasize these ideas, the label features an illustration of a navigational sphere. As both a clock and a compass, the sphere reflects the way Clockwise explores different appellations, while always being aware of where we started, where we are, and where we are going.

As it’s evolved, the Clockwise portfolio has grown to include a handful of acclaimed wines. From our extraordinary Clockwise Napa Valley Cabernet Sauvignon and Red Blend to our Clockwise Sauvignon Blanc, Zinfandel, and Rosé of Cabernet Sauvignon, each wine is an opportunity for Heidi and her team to take everything they’ve learned over the years and to apply it to new grapes and regions. Because these wines come from acclaimed small vineyards that our team has sought out specifically for Clockwise, they are true limited-production rarities, with production generally being less than 350 cases.

Ultimately, Clockwise has allowed us to do two very important things; it has preserved MacRostie’s 35-year focus on cool-climate Chardonnay and Pinot Noir while allowing us to share unique and exciting new wines with our members and customers. We’ll drink to that!

Historically cultivated in the Saône-et-Loire, between Dijon and Lyon, and ranging from Burgundy to Champagne, the earliest reliable reference to “Chardonnet” is from the late 1600s. The grape takes its name from the village of Chardonnay in Southern Burgundy. Until the end of the 19^th century, Chardonnay was confused with Pinot Blanc. Surprisingly, DNA testing has shown that Chardonnay is a natural cross between Pinot Noir and Gouais Blanc. While Chardonnay is early budding and relatively easy to grow, it is susceptible to frost and thanks to its thin skin, mildew.

Chardonnay is a particularly transparent grape that can produce very different wines depending on where it is grown. It can be dramatically shaped in the winemaking process by factors like malolactic fermentation and the amount of new oak used during aging. Today, Chardonnay is the great white grape of Burgundy. In fact, it has been the success of the finest white Burgundies from places like Puligny-Montrachet, Meursault, and the Côte-d’Or that has driven the rise of Chardonnay around the world. In France, Chardonnay is also the key grape of Chablis, where it makes mouthwateringly crisp and mineral-driven wines, and in Champagne where it combines with Pinot Noir and Pinot Meunier to make the world’s most revered sparkling wines.

From the Old World to the New World

In the 19^th and 20^th centuries, Chardonnay spread its wings and found new homes in North America, South America, and Australia, where its popularity exploded, making it the official go-to white wine for the vast majority of wine drinkers. It is also planted in Italy, Spain, Austria, New Zealand, South Africa, and throughout Eastern Europe and China. Today, Chardonnay is the world’s most widely planted white wine grape.

Chardonnay Comes to America

Historical records show that Chardonnay had arrived in California by the 1800s, when the head of the California Viticulture Commission, Charles Wetmore, imported budwood from Meursault and planted it in his Livermore vineyard. By early the next century, this selection, as well as clonal material brought over by the Wente family, helped to establish a beachhead for Chardonnay in the New World and led to what is now known as the Wente Selection of Chardonnay. Following a similar timeline, clonal material brought to California by Paul Masson became the source for the Martin Ray selection. In the early 1940s, this selection was planted at Mount Eden in the Santa Cruz Mountains. During this formative period for the grape, the Wente and Martin Ray selections were the key source of Chardonnay budwood in California.

In the 1950s, the US Ambassador to Italy, James Zellerbach, founded Hanzell Vineyards, which focused on producing Burgundian-style Chardonnay. In the years that followed, other wineries in California began growing and making Chardonnay, and in 1976, Chateau Montelena’s victory at the famed Judgment of Paris marked a key turning point for the grape in the US. In the years that followed, demand for Chardonnay grew rapidly, as did planting throughout California, and by the 1980s there was more Chardonnay planted in California than in France. In fact, by 2005, Chardonnay planting in California represented 25% of global production. While early California Chardonnays took inspiration from Burgundy, they soon evolved into more opulent and buttery expressions of the grape, with grapes picked riper and at higher Brix, and the use of more new oak. While this style took hold in much of California, especially in the warm climate of Napa Valley, in cooler regions like Sonoma County, Chardonnay pioneers like Steve MacRostie began championing a brighter, more balanced, and sophisticated expression of the grape. Today, there are more than 100 clonal selections of Chardonnay in California.

Stay tuned for The History of MacRostie’s Chardonnay Program.